利用声辐射模态对声场进行重构

声辐射模态是定义在振动表面上的一组互相独立的基函数,描绘了振动表面的多极子辐射模式。本文利用声辐射模态对平板辐射的声场进行重构，并同时就频率和模态数对误差的影响进行了分析。针对复杂振动表面幅射的声场，重构时需正则化处理。数值计算结果和对应的理论值达到很好的吻合。     

普通话常规重音分布规则的研究

采用心理统计方法对中等规模语料库进行分析，探讨句法、韵律及其声学相关物之间的关系，根据汉语口语常规重音分布的规律，研究普通话常规重音分布规则及其在实际话语中应用的先后次序，最终建立适用于汉语文语转换系统的常规重音分布规则系统。     

Predicting Mutational Change in the Speaking Voice of Boys

SUMMARY: The authors investigated whether acoustic speaking voice analyses can be used to predict the beginning of mutation in 21 male members of a professional boys' choir. Over a period of 3 years before mutation, children were examined every 3 months by ear, nose, and throat (ENT) and phoniatric specialists. At the same time, the voice was evaluated acoustically using analysis features of the Goettingen Hoarseness Diagram (GHD). Irregularity component and noise component, jitter, shimmer, mean waveform correlation coefficient, and fundamental frequency were determined from recordings of the speaking voice. Significant changes of acoustic features appeared 7 and 5 months before mutation onset, which indicates that vocal function is already restricted 6 months before mutation onset. This acoustic voice analysis is therefore suitable to support the care of the professional singing voice.     

Functional Analysis of Voice Using Simultaneous High-Speed Imaging and Acoustic Recordings

We present a comprehensive, functional analysis of clinical voice data derived from both high-speed digital imaging (HSDI) of the larynx and simultaneously acquired acoustic recordings. The goals of this study are to: (1) correlate dynamic characteristics of the vocal folds derived from direct laryngeal imaging with indirectly acquired acoustic measurements; (2) define the advantages of using a combined imaging/acoustic approach for the analysis of voice condition; and (3) identify new quantitative measures to evaluate the regularity of the vocal fold vibration and the complexity of the vocal output -- these measures will be key to successful diagnosis of vocal abnormalities. Image- and acoustic-based analyses are performed using an analytic phase plot approach previously introduced by our group (referred to as 'Nyquist' plot). Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) spectral analyses are performed on the same data for a comparison. Clinical HSDI and acoustic recordings from subjects having normal and specific voice pathologies, including muscular tension dysphonia (MTD) and recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (RRP) were analyzed using the Nyquist plot approach. The results of these analyses show that a combined imaging/acoustic analysis approach provides better characterization of the vibratory behavior of the vocal folds as it correlates with vocal output and pathology.     

Design and operation of an evanescent optical fiber sensor

Design and operation of an optical fiber sensor based on the intensity modulation is reported in this article. Two distinct mechanisms are considered for the optical power loss and the sensor operation is explained in terms of these effects. The dominant loss mechanism is found to be the evanescent loss and based on this phenomenon the optical fiber sensor is designed. Performance of this sensor is tested as a liquid level sensor for water and the experimental results are reported. The dry and wet signals for this probe are measured for a series of measurements and important factors concerning the design and operation of sensor are described. The precision of measured values, reproducibility of the results, and the stability of sensing operation as a function of time are reported. Variation of the output reading of the sensor system for different launching power is also investigated. The output signal of an optical fiber sensor in general is nonlinear, but both the signal difference (dry minus wet) and diff/dry signal ratio for the reported sensor show linear dependence with the launching power at intensities below threshold. The reported results are promising and verify the successful operation of such a device as an on/off level switch and also as a liquid level sensor.     

多通道实时远距离人工计时信号采集

采用光电偶合器、A/D转换器和并行接口芯片等设计数字信号采集系统实现人工计时信号采集,提高人工计时的效率和准确性。计时裁判员独立操作计时器开关产生的开关量信号用屏蔽电缆通过自带电源式插转箱连接到光电偶合器进行光电隔离,再由A/D转换器进行开关量信号的模数转换,最后由并行接口芯片接收,并通过数据总线发送到计算机。用软件控制人工计时信号的采集、计算、处理、存储和输出,从而实现人工记时信号的采集。     

Integration System of Head,Eye, and Retinal Position Signals for Perceptual Direction

This study investigates the integration system of head (-to-trunk), eye (-to-head), and retinal position signals for hand pointing. In experiment 1, subjects changed their head and eye positions and pointed at a fixated visual stimulus by using an unseen pointer. In experiment 2, subjects fixated a visual stimulus and pointed at another visual stimulus. The results show that the head and eye position signals contributed linearly to perceptual direction (experiments 1 and 2), and that the coefficients of these signals decrease with peripheral vision and are smaller than the coefficient of the retinal position signal (experiment 2). These results collectively suggest that the integration algorithm of the position signals might be described by the linear summation equation and that the retinal position signal serves a more important role than the other position signals in the visual system.     

通过相移条纹图差分测定相移量的方法

提出一种通过两幅相移条纹图相减来确定它们之间相移量的方法,进行了理论分析和实验验证。两幅相移条纹图相减并归一化后,得到的相移差分函数是振幅只与相移量有关的正弦函数,可以通过确定该函数最大极值的方法得到振幅,进而计算出相移量。介绍了极值直接查找法和平均法两种实现最大极值测量的方法。由于不使用傅里叶变换,减少了运算时间,既可以用于高空间频率条纹,也可以用于稀疏平行条纹,以及任意花样的条纹。在衬比度因子确定后,用这种方法就能够直接在空域内确定两幅条纹图之间的相移量,通过大量采样点进行统计计算,使结果达到很高的精度。将所得到的结果与用傅里叶变换方法得到的结果进行了比较,表明两种方法得到的结果具有完全相同的精度。     

信号系统与信号处理实验课件开发

"信号系统与信号处理"是一门理论性和实践性都很强的课程,其中,实验是这门课程中不可缺少的一部分。本次毕业设计就是针对这一点设计的,我们利用Author-ware开发了多媒体演示课件,和利用MATLAB完成了实验内容的仿真程序。在教学过程中可以充分调动学生的积极性,使以往的黑板加板书的教学形式得以改进。     

模拟光纤传输模块的原理与设计

光纤与同轴电缆相比，具有抗干扰能力强、传输损耗小、质量轻等优点。采用高线性激光二极管直接调制的方法设计和研制了一种简单、实用和低成本的模拟信号光纤传输模块。测试结果表明，模块的3dB带宽为DC～3MHz，0～5V范围内模块的非线性误差最大为1．2％，可以用于复杂电磁环境中模拟信号的无干扰传输。